| The Earl of Hopetoun | |
|---|---|
Statue near St Andrew Square in Edinburgh |
|
| Born | 17 August 1765 Abercorn, West Lothian |
| Died | 27 August 1823 Paris, France |
| Buried at | Abercorn, West Lothian |
| Allegiance | United Kingdom |
| Service/branch | British Army |
| Rank | Lieutenant General |
| Commands held | Ireland |
| Battles/wars | French Revolutionary Wars Peninsular War |
| Awards | Knight of the Order of the Bath; Captain-General of the Royal Company of Archers |
Lieutenant General John Hope, 4th Earl of Hopetoun PC KB (17 August 1765 – 27 August 1823), known as the Honourable John Hope from 1781 to 1814 and as the Lord Niddry from 1814 to 1816, was a Scottish soldier and politician.
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Hopetoun was the only son of John Hope, 2nd Earl of Hopetoun, by his second wife Jane Oliphant.[1] His mother died when he was one-year-old.[1] He was commissioned into the 10th Light Dragoons in 1784.[1] He sat as Member of Parliament for Linlithgowshire from 1790 to 1800.[1]
He took part in the capture of the French West Indies and Spanish West Indies in 1796 and 1797.[1] In 1799 he was sent to Den Helder as Deputy Adjutant-General and was present at the Battle of Bergen and the Battle of Castricum.[1] In 1801 he was sent to Cairo and then to Alexandria to take the surrender of the French garrisons there.[1]
He commanded a Division during the advance into Spain and commanded the British left at the Battle of Corunna in 1809, succeeding to overall command when Sir John Moore was killed.[1] Later that year he commanded the reserve army during the Walcheren Campaign.[1] He was appointed Commander-in-Chief, Ireland and was admitted to the Irish Privy Council in 1812.[1] He then commanded the First Division under The Duke of Wellington at the Battle of Nivelle and at the Battle of the Nive in 1813.[1]
He served as Lord-Lieutenant of Linlithgowshire from 1826 to 1823. On 17 May 1814, two years before he succeeded in the earldom, he was raised to the peerage in his own right as Baron Niddry, of Niddry Castle in the County of Linlithgow, with remainder to the male issue of his father. In 1816 he succeeded his elder half-brother as fourth Earl of Hopetoun.
Lord Hopetoun married firstly Elizabeth, daughter of Charles Hope-Weir, in 1798. After her death he married secondly Louisa Dorothea Wedderburn. He died in August 1823, aged 58, and was succeeded in his titles by his eldest son from his second marriage, John. Lady Hopetoun died in 1836.
Following Lord Hopetoun's death, the Hopetoun Monument was erected on Byres Hill, East Lothian, in 1824.[2] This was followed in 1826 by a similar monument on Mount Hill in Fife.[3] In 1824 the city of Edinburgh commissioned a bronze statue of Lord Hopetoun, which was unveiled in St Andrew Square in 1834.[4]
| Parliament of Great Britain | ||
|---|---|---|
| Preceded by Sir William Cunynghame, Bt |
Member of Parliament for Linlithgowshire 1790–1800 |
Succeeded by Sir Alexander Hope |
| Military offices | ||
| Preceded by The Earl of Harrington |
Commander-in-Chief, Ireland 1812-1813 |
Succeeded by Sir George Hewett, Bt |
| Honorary titles | ||
| Preceded by The 3rd Earl of Hopetoun |
Lord-Lieutenant of Linlithgowshire 1816–1823 |
Vacant
Title next held by
The 5th Earl of Hopetoun |
| Peerage of Scotland | ||
| Preceded by James Hope-Johnstone |
Earl of Hopetoun 1816–1823 |
Succeeded by John Hope |
| Peerage of the United Kingdom | ||
| New creation | Baron Niddry 1814–1823 |
Succeeded by John Hope |